The bottom line, he said, is that altruism may rely on a basic understanding that others hae motiations and actions that may be similar to our own.

他说，底线是利他主义可能是基于这样基本认识：别人也有和我近似动机和行为。

The strength of altruism lies in the fact that altruistic acts undeniably occur in any society and that moral codes universally advocate altruism or benevolence and condemn selfishness.

毫疑问,利他主义存在于任何社会,而且道德准也普遍提倡利他主义或善良行为,而谴责利。这也正是利他主义具有强大生命力原因。