The historical development of the concepts of genealogy, phylogeny, monophyly and polyphyly is briefly reviewed.

历史地回顾了谱系、系统育、单系、系概念的由展。

The results indicate that when the plastic strain is smaller than 39 5%,plastic deformation has typicality of uniserial slipping.

单晶连铸铝线材在变量小于395％时，其塑性变具有明显的单系滑移特征，当变量大于395％时，才系滑移特征。